Medical Law Journal

fa مطالعه تطبیقی خودکشی مساعدت‌شده پزشکی در حقوق ایران، انگلستان و آمریکا Physician Assisted Suicide: From Foundations of Criminalization to Penal Reaction مروری Review Article <p>امروزه «خودکشی مساعدت‌شده پزشکی» از جمله موضوعات مهم و قابل تأمل در حوزه حقوق پزشکی به شمار می‌آید که همواره کانون توجه اندیشمندان و صاحب‌نظران این عرصه بوده است. عمده مباحث مطروحه پیرامون این موضوع، دائر مدار «حق انتخاب مرگ» برای بیماران است. در این نوشتار، فارغ از دیدگاه‌های نظری موافقان و مخالفان این پدیده، به مطالعه تطبیقی سیاست‌گذاری‌های جنایی کشورهای انگلستان و آمریکا در مواجهه با این مسأله پرداخته شده و در نهایت، وضعیت حقوقی ایران نیز در این زمینه مورد نقد و واکاوی قرار گرفته است.</p> <p>Abstract One of the most important and controversial issues in medical law is “Physician Assisted Suicide” that during the recent decades, it has been a challenging issue among the jurists, criminologists, doctors and even the patients themselves, as a part of the vulnerable population of society. This subject has had its own supporters and opponents. Core of these disputes is the “Right to Die” for the patients. From the perspective of criminal law doctrines, there is a significant difference between the Euthanasia and the above mentioned subject, from the view of doctor’s direct or indirect participation in the patient’s death which means that doctor is involved in euthanasia directly and provides assistance in the physician assisted suicide. In other words, in direct participation, “doctor” does the actus reus of murder, but in indirect participation, she only helps the “patient” to kill himself. In criminal policy of Iran, suicide is not permissible under the influence of religious and juridical doctrines, but has not been criminalized, and therefore it concluded that assistance in suicide should not be considered criminal. Nevertheless, the legislator of Iran has criminalized aiding and facilitating suicide through the computer systems, telecommunication systems or data carriers, as an independent crime. This article has criticized and analyzed the foundations of criminalization of this issue, as well as, the methods of penal reaction of Iranian legal system toward this problem and finally has proposed that criminalization of “Physician Assisted Suicide” as an independent crime in order to respect human life and prevent deviant act of suicide.</p> خودکشی, پزشک, معاونت, انگلستان, آمریکا Medical Law, Assistance in Suicide, Right to Die, Assistance, Suicide, Doctor’s Criminal Responsibility 11 42 http://ijmedicallaw.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-95&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Hossein Mirmohamad Sadeghi حسین میرمحمد صادقی 10031947532846004965 10031947532846004965 No مدیر گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی Ali Izadyar علی ایزدیار izadyara@yahoo.com 10031947532846004966 10031947532846004966 Yes دانشگاه شهید بهشتی