One of the major concerns of the medical staff has always been the occurrence of medical errors .Since the judicial, administrative, managerial measures and policies on how to embed them in order to reduce the probability of occurrence of such events have caused common concerns between judicial policymakers and managers of health, the present study sought to examine criminology ideas, both in theoretical and applicable criminology to illustrate this problem that "Punitive medical error" by which those criminology ideas can be explained and subsequently, which approaches and present ideas can be useful to counteract and prevent such incidents in preventive criminology. Finally, based on the researches done in the field of health, we explain the most common causes and elements of criminal medical errors of medical staff with “environmental causes approach in medical cares ", Consequently we will provide appropriate solutions in order to surround the criminal error causes and prevention of such incidents.